What was once a “specialized” form of communication that was extremely expensive to implement and costly to maintain is now widely applicable and cost effective even for modest small and medium sized businesses.  In fact, video conference communication has become a core component of almost all of the Fortune 1000 companies, and is a critical component for any company that intends to compete cost effectively in the modern marketplace.

Though many people have felt that this technology has too many problems – poor video quality, unintelligible audio with disconcerting echo, limited ability to embrace modern PC based software tools, indecipherable and confusing controls, and connectivity that only seemed to work about 50% of the time – we have all learned that this does not have to be the case.

We now know that proper planning, design and integration can all but eliminate every one of these stumbling blocks, and this doesn’t mean that we have to run the costs out of reach.  It is really a matter of asking the right questions from the very beginning of the process.  The questions that need to be asked when planning a video conference room include:

1. Who will use the system?  Engineers for collaborative design work?  Marketing for coordination of sales efforts?  Human Resources for initial interviews or to present changes to the benefits package?  Management for board or committee meetings?  Others?
2. What will the users present to the Far End?  (Far end is the people you are conferencing with at the other end of the network/phone system – sometimes called “them.”  The near end is your room, sometimes called “us”).

TA provided this traditional design for a Pharmaceutical
company.  The video conference facility was used by
their research teams in conjunction with their offices
in Europe and Asia.  Note the microphone over the white
board, where much of their interactive work was done.

3. Who will the video conference be with?  In-house peers, subordinates, superiors?  This affects the finishes for the room as well as monitor and camera placement.  For most rooms we try to keep the cameras and monitors “in-line” so the meeting is “eye to eye.”
4. Is, or will, the room be shadow free for all of the lighting sources in the room?  It is important that there be no shadows so the camera can pick up all of the detail – this is especially important for the participants’ faces.  You do not want the participants to appearover tired with shadows under their eyes or worse, to have their faces completely in shadow so that the other end can not read their facial expressions.
5. Are the lights all the same type; fluorescent, incandescent?  For any video signal we want all of the cameras to have the same quality and type of light.  Mixing lighting types “confuses” the camera.  Incandescent lights have more red light, fluorescent lights have more blue and green.  Imagine the camera’s confusion as it pans from one face to the next – who’s white shirt is really white?
6. Are there outside windows?  Not only is a window another source and type of light, but any movement of trees or bushes in the wind outside the window will cause shadows within the room.  These moving shadows will be “seen” as a moving light source by the Video Conference system.  This makes the system work harder, thus reducing the quality of the image at the far end.
7. Has the room been acoustically treated?  Is there fan noise, echoes in the room or noise from the hallway or adjacent rooms?
8. What is the room layout and what will the main camera location see?

TA responded to the needs of this software design firm’s management
and sales teams by using a horseshoe shaped table which allows
everyone to be seen during a video conference as well as allowing the
presenter to directly interact with the participants during a sales meeting

• How many cameras are needed to cover the participants and any white boards?
• Is computer video required?
• Are VCRs or still video (an electron Microscope for example) required?
• Are document cameras for displaying 3D objects such as packaging samples for circuit boards required?
• Will the meetings be internal to the company only?  If so, then we can look at sharing a space on the existing computer network via the H.323 videoconferencing CODEC or as it is sometimes called, IP based conferencing.
• If the meetings are external to the company, then we look at H.320 or ISDN/Fractional T-1 conferencing.
• Video Conference network design is as important to the design of the system as the room design.
• Finally, how to use the system is important.  Let’s face it, these systems intimidate people.  There is typically a single staff person who knows how to place a call.  A well designed control system can make the system easier to use.  This was covered in our Summer 1998 newsletter.  (Available at our web site www.TA-Inc.com).